Pantographic mechanism for grading machines



March 12, 1935. H. G. A. AKERLIND '1,993,818

PANTOGRAPHIC MECHANISM FOR GRADING' MACHINES Filed De. 27, 1952 A s Ni Q" Patented Mar. 12, 1935 lUNTTED STATES PANTO'GRAPHIC MECHANISM FOR GRADING MACHINES Hilmer Gustav Adolf vkerlind, Stockholm, `Sweden, assignor to Aktiebclaget Linham, Stockn helm, Sweden Application December 27, 1932, Serial No. 649,062 In Germany June 30, 1932Y Claims.

In well-known grading machines which are employed especially in the shoe making `industry, in order from a model for a shoe part or prototype, to produce whole series or" similar patterns 5 of all lengths and width measurements desired,

independent power transmission means constructed to act in a pantographic manner are provided in order to eiect a magnication orV reductionin two directions, perpendicular to each other. Well-known machines'of this type,v however, suffer from the drawback that, at a constant adjustment of the machine, the magnification or reduction will be dierent according as the operation takes place at different points of the model supporting table, that is, the table on which the model is held, and, as a rule this variation will be the larger', the more the element or feeler moved against the periphery ofthe model is removed from the middle point of the table. By reason of this fact, it was hitherto necessary, during the operation, to hold the model in the middle of its supporting table and take care of not moving the feeler out to the circumference of the model supporting table, in order to avoid an undesired distortion of the graded patterns. In some of the machines now in use, the connecting rodsand levers of the pantographic mechanisms are very long in order to suppress or reduce said fault, but it is never possible in this way to completely .30 remove the fault and, furthermore, said long rods and levers must be Very strong in order that they shall not be flexible to an undesired degree which would give rise to further faults- As a result, the machine becomes bulky and heavy, expensive in manufacture and difficult to attend.

The present invention has for its object to overcome vthe above said difliculties by the provision of a pantographic mechanism, by means by which it will be possible to produce, even in case of short, light .connecting rods and levers, a good, distortionless, geometrically exact grading at all points `of the model supporting table, that is, also at the circumference thereof. In other Words, the grading by means oi this mechanism will be independent of the position of the model following element or feeler on the model supporting table at unchanged adjustment of the machine, so that the model may be positionedv at any point desired of its supporting table, and yet exactly the same result will be obtained. The adjustment into the middle of the working table necessary in connection with the well-known grading machines may be completely dispensed with, and the grading will be performed, at unchanged adjustment,y without distortion whenr operating near thecircumference of the table.

Another object of the Vinvention is to simplify the necessary scales used in effecting the adjustment for the size of the model as Well as those used in performing the length and width 'grading of the product to be produced v(as a pattern) so that the operation of the machine will be ren-V dered much easier and much simpler than heretofore. The simplification of the scales may be realized by the special design of the pantographic mechanisms.

In'the accompanying drawing, an example of a grading machine including pantographic mechanisms according to this invention is illustrated. Fig. 1 is a side elevationv of the machine, and Fig. 2 is a topv plane View thereof. l.

For .the sake of simplicity, the invention will be hereinafter described as applied to a grading machineof the character set forth in the cepending application, Serial Number 649,109 led December. 27, 1932. It is to be noted, however, that I do not intend tolimit the use of my invention to suchva machine, as the invention may be applied equally Well to grading machines ofdiiierent designs'without departing from its scope or principle. f f

With reference'to the drawing, thenurneral 1 indicates the. rigid frame of the machine which carries two guide tracks 2 and 3 on which runs a beam 4, as on rollers, which extends perpendicularly to the direction of said tracks; On this beam travel two carriages 5, 6 in the longitudinal direction of the beam.' The carriage 5 carries a punch device '7 drivenby an electric motor 8, and

the carriage 6 carries a model tracing element or feeler 9 adapted to be moved against the outline of the model. A-piece of cardboard or the like is to vbe 'clamped in the holdery 10, and from this piece the graded patterns are to be cut out by means of the punch 7. 'The prototype or model is to be clamped to theA table l1 by appropriate means (not shown). The table' 11 travels back and forth in straight guide ways 12 rigidly secured to the frame 1, which extend perpendicularly to the beam 4. The carriage 6 is provided with a grasping handle 13 to facilitatevmoving the feeler 9 against the outline of the model.

A' connecting bar 14 is .-pivoted at its one end to the carriage 6, as shown at 15, and at its other end, as indicated at 16, to a slide 1'7 slidably mounted on a lever 18 which may rotate about the pivot stud 19. The pivot stud 19 is attached to a slide 20 which engages a corresponding groove or recess formed in the carriage 5 so as to allow relative adjustment of said carriage and said slide in the longitudinal direction of the beam 4. The slide 20 may be held in any position desired with relation to the carriage 5 by means of the clamping screw 21. Thus, in operation, the pivot stud 19 is rigidly connected to the carriage 5. The other end of the lever 18 is pivoted, as indicated at 22, to a second lever 23 the other end of which is slidably mounted in a diametrical opening or boring formed in a pivot stud 24. Said pivot stud 24 is rotatably, but not slidably, mounted in an arm 4a laterally projecting from the beam 4. The angular position of the levers 18 and 23 with respectv to each other may be adjusted by means of a clamping screw 25 the bolt of which engages a slot 26 formed in the lever 23.

The connecting bar 14 is provided with a scale 27 and carries a slide 28 which may be moved over said scale. The adjustment of the slide 28 may be read 01T at 29. The angular position of the connecting bar 14 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the carriage 6 may be adjusted and fixed by means of a-clamping screw 30 embracing the edge of a disk 31 attached to the carriage 6. Said disk 31 is provided with a scale 32. Attached to the slide 28 is a segment 33. The reading on the scale 32 takes place at the segment 33, inasmuch as this segment contacts with that division of the scale according to which the grading of the modelv is taking place.

The beam 4 supporting the carriages 5 and 6 and the table 11 adapted to support the model are connected together by a pantographic mechanism similar to that connecting the carriages 5 and 6. To this end, the laterally extending arm 4a of the beam 4 carries a pivot stud 34 which is rotatably, but not slidably, mounted in said arm 4a. Slidably mounted in a diametrically extending boring in said pivot stud 34 is a lever pivoted at its other end to a lever 51 and provided with a clamping screw 52 the bolt of which engages a slot 53 formed in the lever 50 to allow adjustment of the angular position of the levers 50 and 5l with respect to each other. The lever 51 is pivoted, at 54, to a lateral projection 55 of the frame 1 and carries at its end remote from the lever 50 a slide 56, to which there is pivoted, at 57, a connecting bar 58 pivoted at its other end, at 59, to the under side of the model supporting table 11. The connecting bar 58 is provided with a scale 60 and carries a slide 61 which may be moved over said scale.

The angular position of the connecting bar 58 with respect to the direction of movement of the table 11 may be adjusted and xed by'means of a clamping screw 62 embracing the edge of a disk 63 attached to the table 11. To facilitate said adjustment the disk 63 is provided with a scale 64 the divisions of which extend in said direction of movement. The reading on the scale 63 takes place at a segment-shaped projection 64 of the slide 61.

The operation of the mechanism described is as follows:

Let it be assumed that the levers 18 and 23 are held by the clamping screw 25 in their normal relative position, that is to say, so that they are in line with each other. When, for instance, the connecting bar 14 is adjusted to the position shown in Fig. 2, and is held there by means of the clamping screw A30, i. e. so that the pivot 16 is below the pivot 19, as seen in this figure, then the movement (or the component of movement) of the feeler 9 in the direction of the beam 4 will be transmitted to the carriage 5 and the punch 7 on a reduced scale. As the pivot 16, after having been thus adjusted will move in a path parallel to the beam 4, the transmission at all points of the path of the feeler 9 along the beam 4 will be exactly pantographic, that is, any change of the scale which would cause a distortion cannot take place. In other words, the movement of the punch '7 in the direction of the beam 4 at a given adjustment of the machine-will always be exactly proportional to the movement of the feeler 9 in the same direction. If, however, the pivot 16 be adjusted by means of the clamping screw 30 to a position between the pivots 19 and 22, then the movement of the feeler 9 in the direction of the beam 4 will be transmitted to the punch 7 proportionally magnified. With the pivots 16 and 19 in register with each other, the transmission will take place 'without any magnification or reduction, that is, the distance between the punch 7 and the ieeler 9 will remain constant.

As to movements in the direction of the guide tracks 2 and 3, the machine operates in a similar Way to that above described, though the magnification or reduction will now be controlled by the other pantographic mechanism. When the feeler 9 is moving in an oblique direction with relation to the directions, as represented by the guide tracks 2, 3 and the beam 4, respectively, the movement of the punch 7 is composed or" the magniiied or reduced, or unchanged components of movement in the two main directions in an well-known way. A change of the ratio at certain points ci the model may be effected at an unchanged adjustment of the connecting bar 14, by varying the angular position of the levers 18 and 23 by means of the clamping screw 25, in awell-known manner.

If, for instance, the scales 2'7 and 32 are used in effecting the length grading, then the slide 28 is to be adjusted in such a way that the reading edge or line at 29 will be in register with that division of the scale 27 which corresponds to the number of the model pattern. If, for instance, the model is of the shoe size No. 30, then the reading line 29 is to be adjusted into register with the division 30 of this scale. If now the pivot 16 be adjusted into register with the pivot 19, then the grading will give as result a graded pattern of the size No. 30. The corresponding division of the scale 32 which by that time is engaged by the segment 33 will, thus, represent the zero line of this scale. If it is now desired to grade complete series of patterns, then the arm 14 should rst be adjusted to the next reducing division of the scale 32 (as read oi at the segment 33) whereby a pattern of the size No. 29 will be obtained. In a similar way it is possible by adjustment of the arm 14 by means of the clamping screw 30 to produce all sizes available.

In grading exceptionally big or small patterns, the slide 28 may be adjusted to another division of the scale 21', and the grading may then be effected while the slide remains in this position. If, for instance, the model is of the size No. 30, then such extraordinary patterns may be graded while using the same model by adjusting the slide 28, for instance, on to the division 45, or to the division 25 of the scale 27, according as exceptionally small or big patterns are to be produced.

When, at a certain adjustment of the pantographic mechanism, a pattern has been cut, it Will be possible, while said adjustment still remains, to cut'another orA a plenty of other patterns from the same cardboard piece. 4To this end, the clamping screw 21 is tobe unscrewed,'and then the carriage 5 is to be moved into a position as farrfrom its preceding position as to allow the punch to treat'another 'part of the cardboard piece, without requiring anyv displacement of the cardboard piece. By displacement of the carriage 5 with relation tothe slide 20 it is also possible,

from the very' beginning, to adjust the punch 7 into such a position with relation to the cardboard piece as to permit cutting of the' graded patterns at the most convenient portions of the cardboard piece, in order thatthe cutting may take 4place with theA waste of material reduced to a minimum.

By thisreason, the operation will, consequently, Y'

be considerablyfacilitated.

As the scales27and32 are very simple, the

supporting table, represent great advantages over f against well-known grading machines.

The construction described and illustrated in Y the drawing may be changed in several respects without departing from the principle or scope of the invention. Means well-known in connection with grading machines may also be used in conneetion with the device forming the subject matter of this invention, though such means are not illustratedin the drawing` for the sake of clearness. The pivot stud 19 may, of course,be attacheddirectlyft-o the carriage 5. The lever 23 may only be rotatable about the pivot stud 24, but not slidable, in which case the lever 18 must be slidable with relation to the stud 19. An indispensable feature is that one of the members movable in the respective main direction which are to be connected by the pantographic mechay nism must carry a lrotatably mounted slide, the axis of rotation of which after having been adjusted will always move parallel to the said main.

direction, whereas the other member and a further member, which is held against movement during the movement in therespective main direction, each carry Ya rotary pivot stud, a rod or lever being mounted to turn about both of these pivot studs, said rod having a straight portion which is also in slidable engagement with one of said pivot studs and having a further straight portion, on which travels the slide.

The pantographic mechanism according to the 'the beam 4 and the model supporting table are` referred to by the term element, to elements.

What I claim isz- 1. In a mechanism of the character described, two elements movable with respect to each other in a direction, an arm pivoted to one of said elements, means to adjustrsaid arm to different angular positions with relation to the respective element, a' slide pivotally connected tosaid arm, a lever to slidably engage said slide, a pivot to connect said lever 'to the .other element, and another pivot to affordla fulcrum lforthe lever whichiis immovable with respect to the direction of movement of the elements.. 1

- ,2. In a mechanism ofthe character described, i

pivoted to the free 'end of the arm, a leverin slidable engagement with said slide, a pivot to connect said lever to the other element-and another pivot to afford Va fulcrum for. the lever which is immovable with Vregard tothe direction of movement of the elements, the lever beingin slidable engagement with one of saidl pivots.

3. In a mechanism loi the character described, two elements movable with'respect to each other in a direction, an arm pivotedto one of said elements, adjustable to diiierent angular'v positions with respect to the direction of movement of the element, a scale on this elementy to facilitate said adjustment, a scale on the arm, slidable means on Vthe arm to point on bothoi said scales, av slide pivoted to the free end of the arm, a lever in slid- Vable engagement with said slide, a member in slidable engagementwith thev other element and adjustable with vrespect'thereto in the kdirection of movement of. the element, a pivot to 4connect the lever to said member, and another pivotto afford a fulcrum for the lever which is immovable with regard to the direction of movement of the elements, the leverl being in slidable en-v two elements movable with respect to each other in a direction, an arm pivoted to one of said elements, adjustable to different angular lpositions with respect to the` direction of movement of the element, a scale on this element tofacilitate said adjustment, a scale on the arm, slidable means on the arm to point on both of saidscales, a slide pivoted to the free end of the arm, a lever in Yslidable engagement with said slide, a member in slidable engagement with the otherV element and adjustable with respect thereto in the direction of movement of the element, a pivot to connect the lever to said membenand another pivot to afford a fulcrum for'the lever which is immovable with regard to the direction of movement of the elements, one of said pivots being formed ywith a boring to be slidably engaged by the lever. 1

5. In a mechanism of thel character described, a beam movable back and forth ina transverse direction, two carriages on said beam movable with' respect to each other in the longitudinal direction of the beam, a modelfollowing element on one of said carriages and a work treating element on the other carriage, an arm pivoted to one carriage adjustable to different angular position Withvrespect to the direction of movement of the carriage, a scale on this carriage to facilitate said adjustment, a scale on the arm, slidable means on the arm to point on both of saidscales, a slide pivoted to the free end of the arm, A 1

a lever in slidable engagement with said slide, a member in slidable engagement with the other carriage and adjustable with respect thereto in the direction of movement of the carriage, a pivot to connect the lever to said member, another pivot to connect the lever to the beam, said last-v mentioned pivot being formed with a boring to be slidably engaged by the lever, a table movable back and forth in the direction of movement of the beam, and means to transmit movement at a variable ratio of transmission between said table and said beam.

6. In a mechanism of the character described, elements arranged for relative movements in pairs in more than one direction, an arm pivoted to one of the elements of each pair of elements, means to adjust the angular position oi said arm with relation to the direction oi movement of the respective pair of elements, a slide pivoted to said arm, a lever in slidable engagement with'tlie slide, a pivot to connect said lever to the other element of the respective pair of elements, and another pivot adapted to afford a fulcrum for the lever which is immovable with regard to the direction of movement of the respective pair of elements, the lever being in slidable engagement with onel of said pivots.

7. In' a mechanism of the character described, two elements movable with respect to each other in a direction, and means to connect said elements to each other including a levermounted to swing about a pivot and two other pivots so arranged in connection with said lever and with each of said elements that upon the swinging of the lever about said mst-mentioned pivot said two other pivots move parallel to the direction of movement of said elements and move said elements accordingly.

8. In a mechanism of the character described, two elements movable with respect to each other in a direction, and means to connect said elements to each other including a lever mounted to swing about a pivot and two other pivots so arranged in connection with said lever and with each of said elements that upon the swinging of the lever about said first-mentioned pivot said two other pivots move parallel to the direction of movement of said elements and move said elements accordingly, said lever being in slidable engagement with two of said pivots.

, 9. In a mechanism of the character described, two elements movable with respect to each other in one direction, and means to connect said elements to each other including a lever mounted to swingabout a pivot stationary with relation to the direction of movement of said elements, two other pivots so Varranged. in connection with said lever and with each of said elements that upon the swinging of the lever about said firstmentioned pivot said two other pivots move parallel to said direction and move said elements accordingly, and means for eiecting a variation of the distance between said other pivots at right angles to said direction of movement.

10. In a mechanism of the character described, elements movable in pairs in more than one direction, a pantographic device to connect the elements of each pair, each of said devices including a lever mounted to swing about a pivot and two other pivots so arranged in connection with said lever and with each of said elements that upon the swinging of the lever about said `irst-mentioned pivot said two other pivots move parallel to the direction of movement of the respective elements and move said elements accordingly.

HILMER GUSTAV ADOLF KERLIND. 

